# 18-Autosomes and Sex chromosomes # 19 Genotype and Phenotype

Autosome-is a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome, or allosome; that is to say, there is an equal number of copies of the chromosome in males and females.
Sex chromosomes-are chromosomes involved in a major way in sex determination. No all species use the XY chromosome system that we use. For example, in birds the females are XY and the males are XX!

• The sex chromosomes control what the gender of the offspring will be, where as the autosomes control mostly everything.

SIMILARITIES:

1. both are chormosomes
2. both are inside the nuclus
3. they can be found in any part of the body where cell contains nuclus.

DIFFERENCES:

1. only sex chromosomes( x & y ) are resoponsible for gender of human.
2. sex chromosomal diseases are more severe than automsomal disease( i think)
3. autosomes are 44 in number in a cell whereas gametosomes are only 2.

#19
This is the "outward, physical manifestation" of the organism. These are the physical parts, the sum of the atoms, molecules, macromolecules, cells, structures, metabolism, energy utilization, tissues, organs, reflexes and behaviors; anything that is part of the observable structure, function or behavior of a living organism.
This is the "internally coded, inheritable information" carried by all living organisms. This stored information is used as a "blueprint" or set of instructions for building and maintaining a living creature. These instructions are found within almost all cells (the "internal" part), they are written in a coded language (the genetic code), they are copied at the time of cell division or reproduction and are passed from one generation to the next ("inheritable"). These instructions are intimately involved with all aspects of the life of a cell or an organism. They control everything from the formation of protein macromolecules, to the regulation of metabolism and synthesis.

AS SIMPLE AS:

The codes for the  

The "internally coded, inheritable information", or Genotype, carried by all living organisms, holds the critical instructions that are used and interpreted by the cellular machinary of the cells to produce the "outward, physical manifestation", or Phenotype of the organism.
Thus, all the physical parts, the molecules, macromolecules, cells and other structures, are built and maintained by cells following the instructions give by the genotype. As these physical structures begin to act and interact with one another they can produce larger and more complex phenomena such as metabolism, energy utilization, tissues, organs, reflexes and behaviors; anything that is part of the observable structure, function or behavior of a living organism.