Jean-Baptiste Lamarck proposed that organisms could pass on to their offspring traits that where acquired during their lifetime. This has come to be known as inheritance of acquired characteristics.
On the other hand Charles Darwin recognized the main mechanism for evolution: Natural Selection. Natural Selection is the process by which favorable heritable traits become more common in successive generations of a population and unfavorable heritable traits become less common, due to differential reproduction. That is: given a certain population, those individuals who are more fit to the selective pressure(s) by their habitat (in a given time and space) will leave more descendants than those less fit
In short, Lamarck thought that changes were acquired during the life of a parent organism and then transmitted to their offspring while Darwin deducted that changes were already present in the parent organisms, and that the best adapted to that situation survived to breed, which meant that those genetic changes become common in the following generations.
On the other hand Charles Darwin recognized the main mechanism for evolution: Natural Selection. Natural Selection is the process by which favorable heritable traits become more common in successive generations of a population and unfavorable heritable traits become less common, due to differential reproduction. That is: given a certain population, those individuals who are more fit to the selective pressure(s) by their habitat (in a given time and space) will leave more descendants than those less fit
In short, Lamarck thought that changes were acquired during the life of a parent organism and then transmitted to their offspring while Darwin deducted that changes were already present in the parent organisms, and that the best adapted to that situation survived to breed, which meant that those genetic changes become common in the following generations.
NATURAL SELECTION:
A process in nature in which organisms possessing certain genotypic characteristics that make them better adjusted to an environment tend to survive, reproduce, increase in number or frequency, and therefore, are able to transmit and perpetuate their essential genotypic qualities to succeeding generations.
- well-known example of natural selection in action is the development of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms. Since the discovery of penicillin in 1928, antibiotics have been used to fight bacterial diseases. Natural populations of bacteria contain, among their vast numbers of individual members, considerable variation in their genetic material, primarily as the result of mutations. When exposed to antibiotics, most bacteria die quickly, but some may have mutations that make them slightly less susceptible. If the exposure to antibiotics is short, these individuals will survive the treatment. This selective elimination of maladapted individuals from a population is natural selection
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